Cause and Impacts of living in a Slum of Addis Ababa, The Case of kirkos Sub City.

Abstract

The overall objective of this study is to assess the cause and impacts of living in slum area in Addis Ababa, Kirkos sub city. A total of 204 households of which 100 were from slum area and 100 household respondents from condominium sites and 4 for key informant interview were drawn. To select slum area respondents this research used purposive sampling, and cluster sampling was employed to select households of condominium respondents. Simple descriptive statistical tools, such as frequency, percentage, and mean were used and by Inferential statistics correlation were employed by using SPSS version 20 to analyze the quantitative data generated through household survey and qualitative data such as open ended question on the questionnaire, key informant interview and personal information and observation was implemented mainly to strengthen the quantitative data and analyzed as narration. Based on the data collected from the respondents the causes for living in the area were poverty, Rural urban migration, the area is their source of income as most of them are engaged in informal economy their income is related to the area, Poor infrastructure (since central city have different facility like school for their children and hospitals), shortage of transport and lack of affordable qualified house are among the reasons that make them to live in the slum. In terms of security, the slum area have problem of crime and security. The correlation also shows that there is low negative correlation between the residential type of slum or condominium and crime level. In which when the type of the home increase in standard at the level, the crime decrease, there is an inverse relation. In case of conflict with neighbor even though it is not significant there is some level of conflict with neighbor. The Pearson correlation also show that there is low negative correlation of -.430 between the type of house, slum and condominium and conflict with neighbors. The conflict with neigbour will not happen frequently in the slum as they use common toilet and in most case use common kitchin. In the case of problem of health related to the slum area there is a problem in the slum area. Based on person correlation there is moderate negative correlation which is -.530 between the residential area of slum and to some extent better residential area which is condominium. When the standard of the house improves, the probability to be affected by different disease decreases .and finally when we see the educational status of the slum area it is a place where there is higher illiteracy Based on Pearson correlation there is a strong correlation between living in different standard of houses and educational achievement which is .743. the educational status of the respondants increase with the increase with the standard of the houses.There is higher illiteracy rate in the slum. flood, fire, addiction of drugs, crime up to killing each other, school drope out of the student, car accident because of the wrong position of some of the houses, and smell from the open space are the impacts of living in a slum. Thus all the necessary efforts should be exerted to improve the slum situation.